What causes nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

What causes nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

The acquired form of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus can result from chronic kidney disease, certain medications (such as lithium), low levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia), high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia), or an obstruction of the urinary tract.

What causes gestational diabetes insipidus?

Gestational diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare complication of pregnancy, usually developing in the third trimester and remitting spontaneously 4-6 weeks post-partum. It is mainly caused by excessive vasopressinase activity, an enzyme expressed by placental trophoblasts which metabolises arginine vasopressin (AVP).

What are the initial signs of diabetes insipidus?

Signs and symptoms of diabetes insipidus include: Being extremely thirsty. Producing large amounts of pale urine....An infant or young child with diabetes insipidus may have the following signs and symptoms:

• Heavy, wet diapers.
• Bed-wetting.
• Trouble sleeping.
• Fever.
• Vomiting.
• Constipation.
• Delayed growth.
• Weight loss.

What are the 4 types of diabetes insipidus?

Problems with a part of your brain that controls thirst can also cause diabetes insipidus. Specific causes vary among the four types of diabetes insipidus: central, nephrogenic, dipsogenic, and gestational.

How is Nephrogenic DI treated?

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Instead, your doctor may prescribe a low-salt diet to reduce the amount of urine your kidneys make. You'll also need to drink enough water to avoid dehydration. Treatment with the drug hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) may improve your symptoms.

Is nephrogenic diabetes insipidus reversible?

Disordered water channel expression and distribution in acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Many of the implicated causes are reversible and are caused by isolated effects on the cortical collecting duct without broad damage to the medullary countercurrent system.

Can you prevent gestational diabetes?

It is not always possible to prevent gestational diabetes. Certain risk factors make it more likely that a woman will develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy. However, maintaining a healthy weight before and after conception, eating well, and exercising regularly during pregnancy can all reduce the risk.

Does diabetes insipidus cause weight gain?

A: If you drink large volumes of fluids and take too much desmopressin, your body may become overloaded with fluid, which could result in headaches, dizziness and abnormal weight gain.

What happens if diabetes insipidus is left untreated?

Without treatment, diabetes insipidus can cause dehydration and, eventually, coma due to concentration of salts in the blood, particularly sodium.

How much water does a person with diabetes insipidus drink?

Treatment for cranial diabetes insipidus Your GP or endocrinologist (specialist in hormone conditions) may advise you to drink a certain amount of water every day, usually at least 2.5 litres.